The Laks, self-designation Lak, are an indigenous people of Dagestan, speaking the Lak language. There are about 170,000 ethnic Laks.
An ancient polity on the Lak territory was the principality of Gumik. Gumik was the residence of some of the most influential rulers in the history of Dagestan.
The early history of the Lak people is unclear; they have lived in Dagestan since at least the Bronze Age. Although Christianity had been introduced by Armenians and Georgians starting in the sixth century, in 777, according to legend, the Laks were conquered by the Arabs under the leadership of Abu-Muslim.
Laks historically have lived in the central part of mountainous Dagestan (Laksky and Kulinsky Districts) and have called their territory Lakia.
Laks belong to the Shafi school of Sunni Islam. Sunni Islam encouraged group solidarity and provided protection from the government apparatus; their members help each other find work and housing, arrange marriages, pay the kalïm, maintain burial societies, resolve disputes, and so forth. Rural Laks still observe many pre-Islamic planting, harvest, animal-breeding cycle, shearing, and rituals.
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